Scapulohumeral Rhythm

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The ratio of movement between the scapula and humerus is known as a mechanism called the scapulohumeral rhythm. The ratio is two to one in relation to humerus to scapula and the motion is distributed among two different joints. In an instance where there is a full range of motion equivalent to one hundred and eighty degrees, there is sixty degrees of movement in the scapulothoracic joint and one hundred and twenty degrees of motion occurring in the glenohumeral joint.  Because of the rhythm, the scapula and humerus remain in sync and the head of the humerus lines up directly with the glenoid fossa ensuring it can not roll off the shoulder. Due to the scapulohumeral rhythm, the subacromial space is also kept and active insufficiency is prevented more frequently in the glenohumeral muscles. For optimal range of motion, the humeral head must be laterally rotated and then full range of motion may be obtained.

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